Before reclamation, the farmers told me that each hectare was capable of producing only 510kg of. Use of alternative topsoil materials in surface mine reclamation by john c. Some saltaffected soils have physical problems that slow water infiltration and increase surface runoff. Singh rn 1950 reclamation of usar lands in india through blue green algae. Methods for land reclamation using soft or dredged soil part 3. Land reclamation, the process of improving lands to make them suitable for a more intensive use. Pdf physicochemical characterization of usar soil and. One way to prevent further erosion is by seeding bare ground with terrestrial plants that will eventually cover the soil making it more stable and holding the soil in place. Soils in which salinity is mainly due to accumulation of alkali salts are called alkali soils or usar soils.
In another experiment near aligarh, reclamation of usar land was commenced with land enclosure and. Cyanobacteria, reclamation, salinity, tolerance, usar soil. Specific farming recovery strategies for crop and animal production. Overview of land reclamation methods p t 2 m th d f l d l ti i ftpart 2. While other plants, including crops, fail to grow on the alkaline usar lands of northern india, bluegreen alg. Share your knowledge share your word file share your pdf file. Saline soil reclamation methods followed in bangladesh. Different physical and chemical methods such as addition. Soil consolidation and land reclamation civil engineering. Among this techniques are the simple engineering methods such as soil extraction and storage of polluted soil as well. The reclamation of saltaffected soils can lead to better water. Soil fertility and amendments for rangeland reclamation. Soil management during construction and reclamation.
The instructions for the proper sloping, shoring, and bracing of excavations are contained in 29 cfr part 1926, subpart p, appendix b sloping and benching. After reading this article you will learn about saline and alkaline soil. Hence, soil conservation department is not in a position to carry out its performance satisfactorily in usar reclamation activities at present as compared to its earlier achievements in this context. The initial salt content of the soil, desired level of soil salinity after leaching, depth to which reclamation is desired and soil characteristics are major factors that determine the amount of water needed for reclamation. University of wyoming soil testing lab recommends 40 lbs n per ton of grass, minus residual n in soil and from som 20 lbs per 1%. Regeneration of grasses in usar soils springerlink. It includes the management of all types of physical, chemical and biological disturbances of soils such as soil ph, fertility. Releasing the groundwater and reducing the pore water pressure quickly allows you to complete consolidation settlement while reclamation works and. Set of agrobioclimatic data for the main affected agroecozones in the region 4. Different methods of reclamation of usar soil that reduce the salt content include irrigation with clean water, treatment with gypsum dhar and mukherji, 1936, cultivation of salt tolerant crops, and application of cyanobacteria. Make all acres profitable by reclaiming low production or nonarable areas. On coastal reclamation works, the finished ground profile may not settle evenly. Factors, effects and reclamation biology discussion.
Soil reclamation of abandoned mine land by revegetation. Remove or bury soil materials that will adversely affect water quality or plant growth. Protection from soil erosion detail 6a10 tackify topsoil windrow detail 6a11 vehicle crossing typical swamp mat ford. Ii reclamation of acid soils anatolij osipov and vladislav minin encyclopedia of life support systems eolss soils but also forests and water resources. Soil conservation includes all such measures which protect the soil from erosion and restore its fertility. The potential of nostoc calcicola and its bicarbonate resistant mutant as bioameleorating agent was investigated, using laboratory simulation experiments, in terms of their growth potential, glutamine synthetase gs activity, heterocyst frequency and effect on ph of soil. Usar soils are unproductive, impermeable and hard due to the. Land reclamation, usually known as reclamation, and also known as land fill not to be confused with a landfill, is the process of creating new land from oceans, seas, riverbeds or lake beds. Evaluationusar reclamation programme in uttar pradesh. You can reclaim land by first preventing further erosion and second by restoring the soil fertility. Nonarable soils are not productive because the soil is lacking nutrient balance and fertility. Pdf usar soil is widespread in india and is either saline or alkaline. Drought tip reclaiming saline, sodic, and salinesodic soils saltaffected soils cause poor plant growth, affect crop production, and reduce water use efficiency.
Nostoc calcicola, exhibited a tendency to lower the ph of usar soil significantly and showed better. Description of soil reclamation and remediation methods physical methods physical methods of soil reclamation are those that do not change the physicochemical properties of the pollutants accumulated in the soil to be cleaned. Poonia3 1, 3 department of zoology, faculty of science, jai narain vyas university,jodhpur, india342011 2 department of mining engineering, faculty of engineering, jai narain vyas university,jodhpur, india342011 abstract mining of mineral resources results. A framework for reclamation action plan for affected soils. On the uplands, the red soils are poor, gravelly, and porous. Salinealkaline usar soils have high ph and undesirable salts on their. Alkali, or alkaline, soils are clay soils with high ph 8. Sencindiver and ross fugill west virginia university introduction some of the soils at mining sites in west virginia have properties that make them less than. Department of the interior bureau of land management farmington district farmington field office 6251 n. In the regions of high rainfall, soils are acidic in their reaction because of the facts that soluble basic salts such as those of ca, mg, k, na, are leached away. The influence of bluegreen algae on the biological amelioration of. It aims at specific issues of extremely damaged topography, the severe.
Mining of mineral resources results in extensive soil damage, altering microbial communities and affecting vegetation leading to destruction of vast amounts of land. The invention relates to methods for land improvement soil reclamation, preferably for soil remediation comprising the steps of i placing a material useful for improving soil, and an explosive in the soil, and ii mixing the materials useful for reclaiming the soil and the polluted soil by explosion. Time release instead of excess nutrient beef manure. United states department of the interior bureau of land management farmington field office bare soil reclamation procedures january 20 u. Characteristics of red soils the texture of these soils can vary from sand to clay, the majority being loams. N ratio and cation exchange capacity was observed during reclamation.
Nutrient balance starts with calcium and magnesium, but includes all the soil minerals in balance to achieve maximum fertility and therefore yield in all. Pdf physicochemical characterization of usar soil and its. Framework for reclamation action plan frap for affected soils 2. Soil management during construction and reclamation on wyoming rangelands. United states department of the interior bureau of land. In a number of other jurisdictions, including parts of the united states, the term. The presence of an excess of sodium salts and the predominance of sodium in the. Impact of reclamation of usar soil 3209 soil nitrogen 0. Alkali soils owe their unfavorable physicochemical properties mainly to the dominating presence of sodium carbonate, which causes the soil to swell and difficult to clarifysettle. Cyanobacteria in general are alkaliphilic, photosynthetic bacteria which grow profusely in waterlogged condition. Although not necessarily a new concept we just go beyond what has been considered organic. The main parent rocks are crystalline and metamorphic rocks like acid granites, gneisses and quartzites. Effect of reclamation of sandy soil on some chemical and.
Cyanobacteria play an important role in maintenance and build up of soil fertility, consequently increasing rice growth and yield as a natural biofertilizer song et al. Use of alternative topsoil materials in surface mine. Reclamation of usar lands in india through bluegreen. Microbiological analysis showed that bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi had increased progressively as a result of cultivation. With our new xterraforming products we bring dead soils back to life. The land reclaimed is known as reclamation ground or land fill. Historically, the value of sweetclover for soil reclamation and for restoring soil fertility was recognized in the united states before the turn of the century, but its widespread use for soil improvement developed between about 1910 and 1940 smith and gorz, 1965. Soil reconstruction for openpit coal mines on the loess plateau is a process of reconstructing the soil cultivation layers artificially, which is the integration of mining, stripping, disposal, land reshaping reclamation, soil body rebuild, and artificial ripening. Soil improvement and land reclamation projects use onetime or infrequent applications of large quantities of biosolids to increase the amount of nutrients and organic matter in poor or damaged soils. Nelson, in dielectric properties of agricultural materials and their applications, 2015. Dispose of these materials so they will not create a resource problem or interfere with reclamation activities and the planned land use. Cyanobacterial reclamation of usar soil has been reported as early as 1950 singh, 1950. Red soils red soils along with its minor groups form the largest soil group of india.
Methods for land reclamation using soft soil and waste. Physicochemical characterization of usar soil and its natural reclamation by cyanobacteria article pdf available may 2015 with 2,842 reads how we measure reads. Organic material is still best source of nutrients for reclamation. What is the purpose of soil reclamation the purpose of. Reclamation is the process to restore the ecological integrity of these disturbed mine land areas. Amendments of usar soil with gypsum and complimented with thorough irrigation are reported to result in the replacement or removal of sodium and dissolution of calcium compounds. Reclamation efforts may be concerned with the improvement of rainfalldeficient areas by irrigation, the removal of detrimental constituents from salty or alkali lands, the diking and draining of tidal. Reclamation of acid soils encyclopedia of life support. There was a vast difference in operational approach in usar reclamation programme undertaken by the two. High alkalinity in the soil adversely affects the plant growth, thereby reduces the crop yield. Suggested reclamation and soil improvement procedure for using soft soil for large. The purpose of reclaiming soil is to prevent further erosion. High alkalinity in the soil adversely affects the plant growth. Reclamation of usar lands in india through bluegreen alg.
Impact assessment of land reclamation program on poverty alleviation. A new method of nitrogen fixation and conservation and reclamation of alkali lands. Best practices and procedures of saline soil reclamation systems in. Alkali soil reclamation by biological methods requires mobilization of ca from. Methods for land reclamation using soft soil and waste chu jian jtc i3c seminar 1 2 august 2012 outline part 1. Cyanobacteria because of their dual capacity for photosynthesis and n 2 fixation are capable of contributing to productivity in different situations fogg et al. The method of reclamation arose from the observation 62 that in the alkaline usar soils of northem india, while other plants fail to grow bluegreen algae form a. The physicochemical properties of the soil were gradually improved.
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